Fuel Types
ISFuel Incorporated is researching & developing synthetic fuel formulas in which one fuel can pass
multiple fuel specifications.
JS-1 (Joint Synthetic One): A first generation synthetic fuel that incorporates commercial jet fuel (Jet A & Jet A-1), JP-8 (JP-8+100), & Diesel (No.1 & No.2) into one formulated low sulfur fuel. (Current Internal Specification - Table 1)
JS-2 (Joint Synthetic Two): A second generation synthetic fuel that incorporated all of the fuels of JS-1 with meeting the additional specification requirements for JP-5, JP-7 and RP-1 (including RP-2) fuel types.
Process Methods
Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of a condensed substance by heating. The word is coined from the Greek-derived elements pyro "fire" and lysys "decomposition".
Pyrolysis is a special case of thermolysis, and is most commonly used for organic materials. It occurs spontaneously at high temperatures (ie above 300 °C for wood, it varies for other material), for example in wildfires or when vegetation comes into contact with lava in volcanic eruptions. It does not involve reactions with oxygen or any other reagents but can take place in their presence. Extreme pyrolysis, which leaves only carbon as the residue, is called carbonization and is also related to the chemical process of charring.
Pyrolysis is heavily used in the chemical industry, for example, to produce charcoal, activated carbon, methanol and other chemicals from wood, to convert ethylene dichloride into vinyl chloride to make PVC, to produce coke from coal, to convert biomass into syngas, to turn waste into safely disposable substances, and for the cracking of medium-weight hydrocarbons from oil to produce lighter ones like gasoline.
It is an important chemical process in several cooking procedures such as baking, frying, grilling, and caramelizing. Pyrolysis is also a tool of chemical analysis, for example by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry and in carbon-14 dating. Indeed, many important chemical substances, such as phosphorus and sulfuric acid, were first obtained by this process. It has been assumed to take place during catagenesis, the conversion of buried organic matter to fossil fuels. Pyrolysis is also the basis of pyrography.
Although water is normally excluded along with other reagents, the term has also been applied to the decompositon of organic material in the presence of superheated water or steam (hydrous pyrolysis), for example in the steam cracking of oil. More on Pyrolysis
Emission Reduction Methods
Molecules
Decahydronaphthalene (Decalin)
Decahydronaphthalene (also known as decalin, or as bicyclo[4.4.0]decane), a bicyclic organic compound, is an industrial solvent. A colorless liquid with an aromatic odor, it is used as a solvent for many resins. It is the saturated analog of naphthalene and can be prepared from it by hydrogenation in a fused state in the presence of a catalyst. Decahydronaphthalene easily forms explosive organic peroxides upon storage in the presence of air. Decalin - Wikipedia
Launch in external player Tetrahydronaphthalene (Tetralin)
Tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12. This molecule is similar to the naphthalene chemical structure except that one ring is saturated.
The compound can be synthesized in a Bergman cyclization. In a classic named reaction called the Darzens tetralin synthesis (Auguste George Darzens (1867-1954), 1926) derivatives can be prepared by intramolecular ring-closing reaction of an 1-aryl-4-pentene with concentrated sulfuric acid,[1] or simply through the hydrogenation of napthalene in the presence of a platinum catalyst. Tetralin - Wikipedia
Launch in external player Animations with Text
Phenol – Benzene – Naphthalene – Tetrahydronaphthalene – Decahydronaphthalene
Animations
Hydrogen – Carbonmonoxide – Carbondioxide - Phenol – Benzene – Naphthalene – Tetrahydronaphthalene – Decahydronaphthalene